数据与计算发展前沿 ›› 2024, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (5): 57-65.

CSTR: 32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2024.05.006

doi: 10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2024.05.006

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中美数据跨境需求对比视角下的数据治理建议研究

姜松浩*()   

  1. 国家网信办数据与技术保障中心，北京 100080
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-04 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-10-21
  • 通讯作者: * 姜松浩（E-mail: jshcontect@163.com）
  • 作者简介:姜松浩，国家网信办数据与技术保障中心，工程师，博士研究生，长期从事网络数据安全工作，主要研究方向为网络数据安全、数据跨境治理。
    负责论文全部研究和撰写工作。
    JIANG Songhao, is an engineer of the DTSC, CAC and a Ph.D. student. He has long been engaged in the work of network and data security. His research interests include network and data security, and cross-border data governance. In this paper, he is responsible for the paper writing and all research.
    E-mail: jshcontect@163.com

Research on Data Governance Suggestions Based on Comparing Data Cross-Border Demand between China and the United States

JIANG Songhao*()   

  1. DTSC, CAC, Beijing 100080, China
  • Received:2024-03-04 Online:2024-10-20 Published:2024-10-21

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摘要：

【目的】数据作为新的生产要素成为全球经济高速发展的新引擎、新动能，数据跨境治理直接影响国家经济、社会、贸易等方面的发展，美国作为数据跨境治理的先行者和优势国，研究美国治理的本质策略，通过数据对比分析我国与美国之间的差距，对进一步优化、完善我国数据跨境治理具有良好的助力作用。【方法】本文对中美两国在数据产存量、数字贸易、国际互联网流动等方面数据进行整理和比较，更加直观地判断中美两国的数据跨境需求现状，研究分析我国在数据跨境治理中存在的潜在不足。【结果】总体上美国对数据跨境流动具有较强的需求和控制，相比下我国数据跨境需求位居世界前列，数据跨境治理措施做到安全与发展统筹兼顾，但还需考虑与数据跨境需求的充分衔接，提升对数据流向的控制力。【结论】建议考虑促进数据流动的“软”策略与规范管理数据流动的“硬”策略相结合的方式，构建数据跨境治理长期方案，逐步成为数据跨境流动国际枢纽。

关键词: 数据跨境流动, 数据本地化, 数据治理, 数字经济, 数字贸易

Abstract:

[Objective] As a new factor of production, data has become a new engine and driving force for the development of the global economy. Data cross-border governance directly affects the development of the national economy, society, and trade, and may even affect national security. The US is a pioneer and advantageous country in cross-border data governance. Studying the essential strategies of US governance and analyzing the gap between China and the United States plays a good role in further optimizing and improving China’s data cross-border governance. [Methods] This paper collates and compares the data of China and the United States in terms of data production and stock, digital trade, international Internet flow, etc., to more intuitively judge the current situation of data cross-border demand of China and the United States, and analyze the potential deficiencies in China’s cross-border data governance. [Results] Overall, the United States has a strong demand and control over cross-border data flow, while China’s cross-border data demand ranks among the top in the world, and data governance measures can achieve a balance between security and development. But it is necessary to consider the full connection of current cross-border data governance and demand and enhance control over the data flow. [Conclusions] This paper proposes a combination of “soft” strategies to promote data flow and “hard” strategies to regulate data flow, to build a long-term solution for cross-border data governance, which gradually enables an international hub for cross-border data flow.

Key words: cross-border data flow, data localization, data governance, digital economy, digital trade