数据与计算发展前沿 ›› 2026, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1): 148-157.

CSTR: 32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2026.01.012

doi: 10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2026.01.012

• 技术与应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

科学数据乘数效应的激活路径与治理范式研究

王呈珊1(),陈祖刚2,陈力3,*(),安磊3,范治成1,徐波1   

  1. 1.国家科技基础条件平台中心，北京 100038
    2.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院，北京 100094
    3.科学技术部新技术中心，北京 100036
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-26 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-02-02
  • 通讯作者: 陈力
  • 作者简介:王呈珊，国家科技基础条件平台中心，助理研究员，主要研究方向为科技管理。
    本文负责部分文稿初始与后续修改。
    WANG Chengshan is an assistant researcher at the National Science and Technology Infrastructure Center. Her main research interests include technology management.
    In this paper, she is responsible for the initial drafting and subsequent revision of the manuscript.
    E-mail：wangcs@most.gov.cn|陈力，科技部新技术中心，副研究员，博士，主要研究方向为科技管理与技术创新研究。
    本文负责论文构思与修改。
    CHEN Li, Ph.D., is an associate researcher at the Innovative technology center, Most.His main research interests include Technology Management and Technological Innovation.
    In this paper, he is responsible for thesis ideas and revising the manuscript.
    E-mail：ctpchenlly@163.com

Research on the Activation Path and Governance Paradigm of the Multiplier Effect of Scientific Data

WANG Chengshan1(),CHEN Zugang2,CHEN Li3,*(),AN Lei3,FAN Zhicheng1,XU Bo1   

  1. 1. National Science and Technology Infrastructure Center, Beijing 100038, China
    2. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    3. Innovative Technology Center, MOST, Beijing 100036, China
  • Received:2025-03-26 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-02-02
  • Contact: CHEN Li

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摘要：

【目的】科学研究正加速向以大数据与智能驱动的新型范式演进，科学数据作为数字时代新型生产要素之一，已跃升为国家创新体系建设的基础性创新底座与战略核心资产。【方法】研究阐释了科学数据内涵外延、发展趋势与特征变化，基于科学数据要素化后的价值创造、价值实现以及价值倍增等内容，论述了科学数据要素乘数效应的作用机理。【结果】研究认为科学数据要素乘数效应的激活遵循“要素激活-价值释放-系统演进”的科学规律，以差异化制度供给体系重塑生产关系、以异构技术栈群融合升级生产力、以“数商-要素-场景”市场深化交换关系、以开放协同生态网络驱动系统进化四维联动逻辑实现科学数据要素的高效配置与价值释放。【结论】在数据要素视角下，科学数据治理范式正从“资源管理”向“要素治理”跃迁，在应用市场、应用场景和应用技术不断深化成熟过程中，科学数据治理体系、治理能力和治理规则之间会形成螺旋式协同演进趋势，为科技创新和社会发展提供强大的动力。

关键词: 数据要素, 科学数据, 乘数效应, 激活路径, 治理范式

Abstract:

[Objective] Scientific research is accelerating its transition toward the “Fourth Paradigm,” characterized by data-intensive exploration, with scientific data—as a novel production factor in the digital era—ascending to become both the foundational innovation infrastructure and a core strategic asset in the development of national innovation systems. [Methods] This study elucidates the conceptual boundaries, evolutionary trends, and characteristic transformations of scientific data, and examines the mechanism of the multiplier effect of scientific data elements through three dimensions: value creation, value realization, and value amplification, following the elementization of scientific data. [Results] The research posits that activating the multiplier effect of scientific data elements adheres to the scientific logic of “element activation - value release-systemic evolution”, achieved through a four-dimensional synergistic framework: reshaping production relations via differentiated institutional supply systems, enhancing productivity through the integration of heterogeneous technology stacks, deepening exchange dynamics via a “data commerce-factor-scenario” market, and driving systemic evolution through open collaborative ecological networks-collectively enabling efficient allocation and value maximization of scientific data elements. [Conclusions] From the perspective of data elements, the governance paradigm of scientific data is transitioning from “resource management” to “element governance.” As application markets, scenarios, and technologies mature iteratively, the governance system, governance capacity, and governance rules of scientific data will exhibit a spiral-coevolutionary trajectory, characterized by mutual reinforcement between institutional innovation and technological advancement. This dynamic interplay fosters a governance ecosystem where system design guides capability enhancement, while capability breakthroughs propel rule iteration, ultimately injecting robust momentum into scientific innovation and societal progress.

Key words: data elements, scientific data, multiplier effect, activation path, governance paradigm