自然灾害应急响应科学数据工程体系建设

doi:10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2024.01.005

数据与计算发展前沿 ›› 2024, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 46-56.

CSTR: 32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2024.01.005

doi: 10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2024.01.005

自然灾害应急响应科学数据工程体系建设

张耀南^1,^2,^3,^*(),田琛琛^1,³,任彦润^1,³,康建芳^1,^2,³,敏玉芳^1,^2,³,张彩荷^1,³,艾鸣浩^1,^2,³

1.国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心，甘肃兰州 73000
2.甘肃省科学数据总中心，甘肃兰州 73000
3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃兰州 73000

收稿日期:2023-04-20 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-02-21
通讯作者: * 张耀南（E-mail: yaonan@lzb.ac.cn）
作者简介:张耀南，中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院研究员，博士生导师，国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心主任，主要研究方向为地学数据工程及数据工程防灾减灾、基于高性能计算的地学模型模拟、遥感图像处理及多源数据融合。
本文承担的工作为：算法设计，文章撰写，实验方案规划。
负责论文初稿撰写与框架设计。
ZHANG Yaonan is a research fellow and doctoral supervisor at the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of National Cryosphere Desert Data Center. His main research interests are geological data engineering and data engineering for disaster prevention and mitigation, Geo-model simulation based on high performance computing, remote sensing image processing and multi-source data fusion.
In this paper, he is responsible for the first draft of the dissertation and framework design.
E-mail: yaonan@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“冰冻圈大数据挖掘分析关键技术及应用”(2022YFF0711700);中国科学院咨询项目“数据工程学理论体系及应用战略研究”(CAS-WX2023ZX02-01);中国科学院信息化项目“中国科学院冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心能力建设”(WX 145XQ07-10)

Construction of Scientific Data Engineering System for Natural Disaster Emergency Response

ZHANG Yaonan^1,^2,^3,^*(),TIAN Chenchen^1,³,REN Yanrun^1,³,KANG Jianfang^1,^2,³,MIN Yufang^1,^2,³,ZHANG Caihe^1,³,AI Minghao^1,^2,³

1. National Cryosphere Desert Data Center, Lanzhou, Gansu 73000, China
2. Gansu Scientific Data Center, Lanzhou, Gansu 73000, China
3. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 73000, China

Received:2023-04-20 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-02-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【背景】我国自然灾害随全球气候变化呈现出多发、频发的复杂态势。建立快速、精准、高效的科学数据应急响应支持，是灾害应急救援管理、减少灾害损失、预防次生灾害的重要基础。【方法】国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心自2015年开展印尼地震科学数据应急服务以来，基于科学数据资源与信息化技术，构建了多部门联动应急响应、多源数据接引聚合、多源数据融合集成、专题数据制备生产、应急响应数据组织、灾害演变分析、灾情程度评估、次生灾害评估预警、数据共享推送服务9个数据工程体系。【结果】初步形成了科学数据灾害应急响应服务平台，可实现灾害发生后24小时内迅速做出科学数据灾害应急响应服务。先后16次完成了国内甘肃张掖肃南，青海玛多、门源、茫崖、德令哈，四川马尔康、泸定、芦山，国际土耳其、阿富汗、塔吉克斯坦地震，以及青海大通山洪的科学数据应急响应服务，为灾害救援、灾情调查评估提供了科学数据支撑。【结论】创新了科学数据服务于防灾减灾的应用场景。截至2023年3月底，已有18.9万余人次下载了2.6 PB的应急科学数据，在支持灾害应急救援、灾情调查评估和灾害成因研究中取得了较好的应用成效。

关键词: 自然灾害, 科学数据应急响应服务, 数据工程体系, 专题数据制备生产, 应急响应服务平台

Abstract:

[Objective] Natural disasters in China have shown a complex situation of multiple and frequent occurrence with global climate change. Rapid, accurate, and efficient scientific data support is an important basis for making disaster emergency response plans, reducing disaster losses, preventing secondary disasters, and helping post-disaster reconstruction. [Methods] Since the National Cryosphere Desert Data Center (NCDC ) launched the scientific data emergency service for the Nepal earthquake in 2015, nine data engineering systems, including multidisciplinary linkage emergency response, multi-source data referral and aggregation, multi-source data fusion and integration, thematic data preparation, emergency data organization, disaster evolution analysis, disaster extent assessment, secondary disaster assessment and early warning, and data sharing and pushing services, have been implemented in NCDC. [Results] A scientific data emergency response service platform has been built to quickly provide data emergency response within 24 hours after a disaster, and has now completed 16 scientific data emergency response services for earthquakes in Sunan Zhangye, Gansu Province; Mado, Menyuan, Monya and Delingha in Qinghai Province; and Markang, Luding and Lushan in Sichuan Province, Turkey, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Datong flash floods in Qinghai Province, providing scientific data support for disaster relief, disaster investigation and assessment, and post-disaster reconstruction. [Conclusion] This work makes innovation in the application scenario of scientific data for disaster prevention and mitigation. As of March 2023, more than 189,000 persons have downloaded 2.6PB of data and formed a good effect in these applications.

Key words: natural disaster, scientific data for emergency response service, data engineering system, thematic data preparation, emergency response service platform

张耀南, 田琛琛, 任彦润, 康建芳, 敏玉芳, 张彩荷, 艾鸣浩. 自然灾害应急响应科学数据工程体系建设[J]. 数据与计算发展前沿, 2024, 6(1): 46-56.

ZHANG Yaonan, TIAN Chenchen, REN Yanrun, KANG Jianfang, MIN Yufang, ZHANG Caihe, AI Minghao. Construction of Scientific Data Engineering System for Natural Disaster Emergency Response[J]. Frontiers of Data and Computing, 2024, 6(1): 46-56, https://cstr.cn/32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2024.01.005.

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应急事件名称	下载次数（次）	下载数据量（TB）
2021/05/22青海省果洛州玛多县7.4级地震	14,537	197.9
2022/01/08青海省海北州门源县6.9级地震	28,905	1433.6
2022/03/17甘肃省张掖市肃南县5.1级地震	2,031	4.7
2022/03/26青海省海西州德令哈市6.0级地震	6,062	19.4
2022/06/01四川省雅安市芦山县6.1级地震	7,638	13.9
2022/06/10四川省阿坝州马尔康市6.0级地震	41,939	353.8
2022/08/18青海省大通县“8.18”山洪灾害	4,535	9.5
2022/09/05四川省甘孜州泸定县6.8级地震	48,124	358.1
2022/10/19青海省海西州茫崖市5.5级地震	4,371	9.9
2022/11/23 土耳其6.1级地震	2,927	19.7
2022/11/21 印度尼西亚爪哇岛5.5级地震	5,778	37.3
2023/01/30 新疆阿克苏沙雅县6.1级地震	1,844	8
2023/02/06 土耳其7.8级地震	13,935	156.6
2023/02/16菲律宾6.1级地震	2,964	7.5
2023/02/23 塔吉克斯坦7.2级地震	2,731	13.1
2023/03/22 阿富汗6.9级地震	893	3.4

自然灾害应急响应科学数据工程体系建设

Construction of Scientific Data Engineering System for Natural Disaster Emergency Response

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