基于多方法融合的煤炭供应链建模仿真研究综述：方法、应用及发展趋势

doi:10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2026.04.015

数据与计算发展前沿 ›› 2026, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (4): 203-213.

CSTR: 32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2026.04.015

doi: 10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2026.04.015

基于多方法融合的煤炭供应链建模仿真研究综述：方法、应用及发展趋势

耿桦^1,²(),王莉娜¹,高满达³,王文彬³,李亚巍³,游博^4,^*()

¹ 中国神华能源股份有限公司，北京 100011
² 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司，北京 100011
³ 国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司，北京 102209
⁴ 中国科学院自动化研究所，北京 100190

收稿日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-08-21
通讯作者: *游博（E-mail: youbo2019@ia.ac.cn）
作者简介:耿桦，国家能源投资集团有限责任公司，高级工程师，研究方向为能源供应链仿真技术。
本文中负责文献整理和论文撰写。
GENG Hua is a senior engineer at China Energy Investment Corporation Co., Ltd. His research interests include the simulation technology of energy supply chains.
In this paper, he is mainly responsible for literature review and paper writing.
E-mail: 10000256@ceic.com|游博，中国科学院自动化研究所，工程师，研究方向为计算机视觉、智能体等。
本文中负责写作指导以及论文最终审定。
YOU Bo is currently an engineer at the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Science. Her research interests include computer vision, intelligent agents, etc.
In this paper, she is mainly responsible for paper writing instruction and manuscript reviewing.
E-mail: youbo2019@ia.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家能源集团科技创新项目资助(GJNY-23-176)

A Review of Modeling and Simulation Research for Coal Supply Chains Based on Multi-Method Integration: Methods, Applications, and Development Trends

GENG Hua^1,²(),WANG Lina¹,GAO Manda³,WANG Wenbin³,LI Yawei³,YOU Bo^4,^*()

¹ China Shenhua Energy Company Limited., Ltd, Beijing 100011, China
² China Energy Investment Corporation Co., Ltd, Beijing 100011, China
³ CHN Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 102209, China
⁴ Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2025-10-21 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-08-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 在全球能源转型与供应链复杂化的背景下，煤炭产业面临效率提升、成本优化与绿色发展的多重挑战。本文旨在系统分析煤炭供应链仿真技术的研究现状与发展趋势，为产业智能化升级提供理论支撑。【方法】 通过系统梳理离散事件仿真、系统动力学及多智能体仿真等方法，结合典型应用场景分析，评估各类仿真技术在煤炭供应链中的适用性与有效性。【结果】 研究表明，仿真技术可显著提升运输调度、库存管理和节能减排等环节的决策科学性，但存在多方法融合不足、数据集成困难和标准化欠缺等局限。【结论】 未来应加强数字孪生、人工智能与多方法协同仿真研究，通过构建标准化模型与强化数据治理，推动煤炭供应链向智能化、绿色化与集成化方向发展。

关键词: 煤炭供应链仿真技术, 系统动力学, 离散事件仿真, 多智能体仿真, 智能优化, 数字孪生

Abstract:

[Objective] Against the backdrop of global energy transition and supply chain complexity, the coal industry is facing multiple challenges, including efficiency improvement, cost optimization, and green development. This paper aims to systematically analyze the research status and development trends of coal supply chain simulation technology, providing theoretical support for the intelligent upgrading of the industry. [Methods] By systematically reviewing methods such as discrete event simulation, system dynamics, and multi-agent simulation, combined with an analysis of typical application scenarios, the applicability and effectiveness of various simulation technologies in the coal supply chain are evaluated. [Results] Research indicates that simulation technology can significantly enhance decision-making in areas such as transportation scheduling, inventory management, and energy conservation and emission reduction. However, limitations exist, including insufficient integration of multiple methods, difficulties in data integration, and a lack of standardization. [Conclusion] Future efforts should focus on strengthening research on digital twins, artificial intelligence, and multi-method collaborative simulation. By developing standardized models and enhancing data governance, the coal supply chain can be propelled toward intelligent, green, and integrated development.

Key words: coal supply chain simulation technology, system dynamics, discrete event simulation, multi-agent simulation, intelligent optimization, digital twin

耿桦, 王莉娜, 高满达, 王文彬, 李亚巍, 游博. 基于多方法融合的煤炭供应链建模仿真研究综述：方法、应用及发展趋势[J]. 数据与计算发展前沿, 2026, 8(4): 203-213.

GENG Hua, WANG Lina, GAO Manda, WANG Wenbin, LI Yawei, YOU Bo. A Review of Modeling and Simulation Research for Coal Supply Chains Based on Multi-Method Integration: Methods, Applications, and Development Trends[J]. Frontiers of Data and Computing, 2026, 8(4): 203-213, https://cstr.cn/32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2026.04.015.

图/表 2

参考文献 29

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仿真方法	建模视角	适用场景	优势特点	局限性	典型应用案例
离散事件仿真	过程导向	物流操作优化	精细化过程描述	宏观行为支持有限	港口操作、铁路调度
系统动力学	系统导向	长期趋势分析	处理非线性关系	微观交互描述不足	节能减排策略
多智能体仿真	主体导向	协调机制设计	描述个体异质性	建模复杂度高	供应链优化

仿真平台	主要建模方法	研究内容	主要发现
Arena	离散事件仿真	煤炭列车卸货系统优化	增加1台门式起重机和5辆自卸车可使卸货时间减少30.7%
Witness	离散事件仿真	煤炭码头物流系统分析	堆场面积是制约系统发展的关键瓶颈因素
Vensim	系统动力学	电煤供应链节能减排	降低发电标准耗煤率是最有效的节能减排途径
结构方程	多方法融合	绿色供应链管理系统	引入环保和资源优化变量显著提高模型准确性

基于多方法融合的煤炭供应链建模仿真研究综述：方法、应用及发展趋势

A Review of Modeling and Simulation Research for Coal Supply Chains Based on Multi-Method Integration: Methods, Applications, and Development Trends

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