Frontiers of Data and Computing ›› 2022, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 55-69.

CSTR: 32002.14.jfdc.CN10-1649/TP.2022.04.006

doi: 10.11871/jfdc.issn.2096-742X.2022.04.006

• Special Issue: Beidou Navigation Data Processing • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Multi-frequency and Multi-GNSS PPP-RTK for Kinematic Platform Positioning

HOU Pengyu1,2,*(),XU Li1,2,KE Cheng1,2,Khodabandeh Amir3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
    2. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 3010, Australia
  • Received:2022-03-27 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-10
  • Contact: HOU Pengyu E-mail:p.hou@whigg.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41774042);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42174034)

Abstract:

[Objective] Integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning, also known as PPP-RTK, is the state-of-the-art positioning technique using global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). Compared with static PPP-RTK that has been comprehensively studied, investigations on kinematic PPP-RTK are rather limited. [Methods] This work formulates a multi-frequency and multi-GNSS PPP-RTK model and analyzes its performances in both simulated kinematic and real kinematic modes. We also investigate the advantages of triple-frequency positioning over dual-frequency positioning and demonstrate the benefits of multi-GNSS. [Results] For the simulated kinematic mode, the results show that triple-frequency BDS2+Galileo positioning reduces, compared to the dual-frequency case, the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) from 60 s to 30 s, improving the ambiguity success rate (ASR) from 99.82% to 100%, and the positioning accuracy by 5%. Quad-system observations combining GPS+BDS2+BDS3+Galileo further improves the accuracy by 30%. In the case of kinematic boat positioning, the triple-frequency Galileo observations also contribute to positioning, as the TTFF is decreased from 125 s to 100 s, the ASR is increased from 81.9% to 92.08%, and the positioning accuracy is improved by 15%. The benefits of multi-GNSS are remarkable as the BDS2+BDS3+Galileo triple-system positioning reduces the TTFF to 5 s, improves the ASR to 99.72%, and achieves the positioning accuracy of better than 3 cm. Regarding to the kinematic tractor positioning, the improvement benefited from the triple frequency is similar to that of kinematic boat positioning. The best positioning performance is achieved by GPS+Galileo+BDS2+BDS3 quad-system positioning. The corresponding TTFF is 4 s, the ASR is 99.89%, and the positioning accuracy is better than 3 cm.

Key words: global navigation satellite system (GNSS), multi-frequency, multi-GNSS, integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning (PPP-RTK), kinematic positioning